Heart Beat Sensor with RGB Light and OLED Indicator Using Xiao Seeedui – CreateLabz Store

Heart Beat Sensor with RGB Light and OLED Indicator Using Xiao Seeeduino

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Overview

This project involves creating a simple heartbeat monitoring system using the Seeeduino Xiao microcontroller. It integrates a heartbeat sensor to measure pulse, an RGB LED for visual feedback, and an OLED display to show real-time heart rate. The RGB LED changes color based on the heart rate, while the OLED displays the actual beats per minute (BPM).

Hardware Used

Software Used

Arduino IDE

Application Discussion

Seeed Studio XIAO SAMD21 Cortex M0+(Seeeduino XIAO)-Arduino module

Seeed Studio XIAO SAMD21 Cortex M0+(Seeeduino XIAO)-Arduino module

The Seeeduino XIAO is a compact, Arduino-compatible microcontroller development board produced by Seeed Studio. Designed for projects that require a small form factor and low power consumption, it is ideal for applications like wearable devices, small robots, and Internet of Things (IoT) projects.

Specifications:

CPU: ARM Cortex-M0+ CPU(SAMD21G18) running at up to 48MHz
Storage: 256KB Flash,32KB SRAM
I/O PINs: 14 GPIO PINs,11 analog PINs, 11 digital PINs, 1 DAC output Pin
Interface: 1 I2C interface,1 UART interface, 1 SPI interface, USB Type-C interface
LEDs: 1 user LED, 1 power LED, and two LEDs for serial port downloading
Reset button: two reset buttons short connect to reset
Software compatibility: Arduino IDE
Dimensions: 21x17.5 mm

Seeeduino Xiao Pinout

Seeeduino XIAO

OLED display module128x32

An OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) display module is a type of flat panel display technology that consists of organic compounds that emit light when an electric current is applied. Unlike traditional displays, OLEDs do not require a backlight, as each pixel generates its own light. This results in sharper images, deeper blacks, and higher energy efficiency, especially for displaying darker content.

specifications:

Color:Blue

Model Number:0.91 inch OLED module

Display Mode:OLED module

Resolution:128*64

Type:OLED module

RGB LED, Diffused

Specifications:

5mm / 10mm diameter
Tricolor Red(R) Green(G) Blue(B) Common Cathode(CC), R:620nm-625nm / G:515nm-523nm / B:450nm-467nm, Luminous Intensity(Brightness): R:1000-2000mcd / G:4000-5000mcd / B:3000-4000mcd, Viewing Angle: 20-50 Degrees
Parameters : DC 1.8V-2.2V(R) 3V-3.4V (G/B) Volt 20mA, Polarity (2 V) : Cathode "-" (Longer Leg) | Anode "+" (Shorter Leg), Foggy Round Small Lens
Led diode(Through Hole DIP 4pins leads mini LEDs Set) Three Colour
Compatible with: DIY PCB Board Circuit, Arduino, Raspberry Pi, Hobby, Science Experiments, Throwies Project, Breadboard, Bulb, Bulk Parts Replacement
4 pin, Tiny Bright Light, Low Voltage & Low Power Consumption, 1.8v 2.2v 3.2v 3.4v

RGB LED PINOUT

How RGB LEDs work and how to control color

Heart Rate Pulse Sensor

A heart rate pulse sensor is an electronic sensor that measures a person's heart rate, typically by detecting the pulse from blood flow through the skin. It’s commonly used in fitness trackers, wearable devices, and biomedical applications to monitor cardiovascular activity in real-time.

Specification:

Working voltage: 5V
Working current: 4mA
Diameter: 16MM
Magnification: 330
LED wavelength: 609 nm

HEART RATE PULSE SENSOR PINOUT

Pulse Sensor Pinout, Configuration & How Pulse Sensor Works

Hardware Setup

Wiring Diagram

No description available.

Prepare the components needed.

Perform wiring connections in the breadboard.

No description available.

Connect the Heartbeat Sensor:
- The heartbeat sensor typically has three pins: VCC (power), GND (ground), and Signal (data).
- Connect VCC to the 5V pin on the Seeeduino Xiao, GND to the ground, and Signal to an analog input pin (e.g., A0).
Connect the RGB LED:
- RGB LEDs usually have four pins: R (Red), G (Green), B (Blue), and Common Ground (GND)
- Connect the common ground pin to GND on the Seeeduino, and the R, G, and B pins to different digital pins on the Seeeduino (e.g., D1, D2, and D3).
Connect the OLED Display:
- If you’re using an I2C OLED display, it will have four pins: VCC, GND, SCL (clock), and SDA (data).
- Connect VCC to 3.3V, GND to ground, and SCL and SDA to the corresponding I2C pins on the Seeeduino (SCL to D4, SDA to D5).
Write the Code:
- You’ll need to write a program that:
  - Reads analog data from the heartbeat sensor.
  - Processes the data to calculate beats per minute (BPM).
  - Controls the RGB LED based on the BPM (e.g., green for normal, red for high).
  - Sends the calculated BPM to the OLED display for real-time monitoring.

Software Setup

#include <SPI.h>

#include <Wire.h>

#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>

#include <Adafruit_SSD1306.h>

Adafruit_SSD1306 srituhobby = Adafruit_SSD1306(128, 64, &Wire);

#define red_led A1

#define green_led A2

#define blue_led A3

#define sensor A0

#define Highpulse 540

int sX = 0;

int sY = 60;

int x = 0;

int Svalue;

int value;

long Stime = 0;

long Ltime = 0;

int count = 0;

int Bpm = 0;

void setup() {

Serial.begin(9600);

pinMode(red_led,OUTPUT);

pinMode(green_led,OUTPUT);

pinMode(blue_led,OUTPUT);

srituhobby.begin(SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC, 0x3C);// Address 0x3C for 128x32

delay(1000);

srituhobby.clearDisplay();

}

void loop() {

if(count >= 60 && count <= 100){

digitalWrite(green_led,HIGH);

digitalWrite(red_led,LOW);

}

if(count >= 101){

digitalWrite(red_led,HIGH);

digitalWrite(green_led,LOW);

}

if(count <= 59){

digitalWrite(red_led,HIGH);

digitalWrite(green_led,HIGH);

}

Svalue = analogRead(sensor);

Serial.println(Svalue);

value = map(Svalue, 0, 1024, 0, 45);

int y = 60 - value;

if (x > 128) {

x = 0;

sX = 0;

srituhobby.clearDisplay();

}

srituhobby.drawLine(sX, sY, x, y, WHITE);

sX = x;

sY = y;

x ++;

BPM();

srituhobby.setCursor(0, 0);

srituhobby.setTextSize(2);

srituhobby.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE);

srituhobby.print("BPM :");

srituhobby.display();

}

void BPM() {

if (Svalue > Highpulse) {

Stime = millis() - Ltime;

count++;

if (Stime / 1000 >= 60) {

Ltime = millis();

Serial.println(count);

srituhobby.setCursor(60, 0);

srituhobby.setTextSize(2);

srituhobby.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE);

srituhobby.print(count);

srituhobby.print(" ");

srituhobby.display();

count = 0;

}

Code Breakdown:

readHeartbeat(): This function will read and process data from the heartbeat sensor and return the BPM.
displayHeartbeat(bpm): Sends the BPM to the OLED for display.
setRGBColor(bpm): Changes the RGB LED color depending on the heart rate.

Testing and Calibration:

Test your sensor by placing it on your finger or wrist.
Adjust your code as needed to ensure the readings and visual feedback are accurate.

Final Adjustments:

Once everything works, you can solder your components onto a protoboard for a more permanent setup.
Optionally, add a case or enclosure to make the project portable and durable.

This should guide you through building and coding your heartbeat sensor project!

Video Demonstration

In conclusion, this heartbeat sensor project using the Seeeduino Xiao, RGB LED, and OLED display offers a practical and hands-on way to learn key skills in microcontroller programming, sensor data processing, and hardware interfacing. It provides valuable insights into real-time health monitoring systems, blending both hardware and software to create an efficient and user-friendly solution. Through this project, you’ll develop problem-solving abilities and a deeper understanding of embedded systems, making it a great stepping stone into IoT and wearable technology applications.

References